Where card rewards come from

The loop that funds your Airpoints.

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Merchant pays the interchange fee
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That fee funds card rewards — Airpoints, cashback
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Rewards go to premium cardholders
arrow_upward the loop closes
priority_high Customers paying with a basic debit card pay the same higher prices — but earn no rewards.
arrow_downward costs recovered
savings
Basic cardholders quietly subsidise premium rewards
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All customers pay higher shelf prices
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Merchant raises prices to cover the fees